ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the effects of Shoutai pills (a traditional Chinese medicinal preparation) on immune functions and oxidative stress in pregnant rats exposed to di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP).@*METHODS@#Thirty-six mature female SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups (=12). After pregnancy was confirmed, the rats were given 10 mL/kg corn oil +10 mL/kg saline (control group), 500 mg/kg DEHP+10 mL/kg saline (model group), and 500 mg/kg DEHP+10 mL/kg Shoutai pills (treatment group). At 19 days of gestation, the rats were sacrificed and the fetal rats were weighed and the numbers of live and stillborn fetal rats were recorded. Serum levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-2 (IL-2), tumor necrosis factor-ɑ (TNF-ɑ), estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P) levels were detected. The appearance, color and quality of the placenta in each group were recorded, and the placental tissues were examined pathologically. The total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH- Px), catalase (CAT), reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in the placental tissues were measured.@*RESULTS@#Compared with the control group, the rats with DEHP exposure showed slow weight gain in the middle and late gestation period and significantly lower fetal weight ( < 0.05) with lowered serum levels of IL-2, IL-6 and TNF-ɑ, increased estradiol level ( < 0.05), decreased placental T-AOC, GSH-Px, SOD and CAT levels, and increased ROS and MDA levels ( < 0.01). Compared with the model group, the rats treated with Shoutai pills had significantly increased weight gain in mid and late pregnancy and greater fetal weight ( < 0.05) with significantly increased serum IL-2 and IL-6 levels, decreased estradiol level ( < 0.05), slightly increased TNF-ɑ expression (> 0.05), increased placenta T-AOC, GSH- Px and CAT levels, decreased MDA level ( < 0.05), and slightly increased SOD and decreased ROS levels (>0.05). No significant difference was found in progesterone levels among the groups (>0.05). HE staining showed that the trophoblast in the placental tissue sponge in the model group was loose and irregular with numerous vacuoles. In the treatment group, the structure of the placenta remained intact with clearly visible labyrinth zone, sponge trophoblast and giant cell trophoblast, and the cell distribution in each layer was better than that in the model group.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Shoutai pills can regulate the immune function of DEHP-exposed pregnant rats possibly by antagonizing the estrogenlike effect of DEHP and regulating serum immune factors; Shoutai pills can also reduce placental tissue damage and improve pregnancy outcome by correcting DEHP-induced imbalance of oxidative stress in the placental tissues.
Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Pregnancy , Rats , Diethylhexyl Phthalate , Oxidative Stress , Phthalic Acids , Rats, Sprague-DawleyABSTRACT
Objective To investigate influence of combined use of allopurinol and warfarin on the INR of chronic permanent atrial fibrillation hyperuricemia patients. Methods 80 cases of patients with chronic atrial fibrillation complicated with hyperuricemia, in Sanmen County People's Hospital from February 2016 to February 2017 were randomly divided into the control group (n=40) and the observation group (n=40), the control group was given warfarin plus low purine diet treatment, the observation group was given additional Allopurinol treatment. Changes of INR were compared. Results There was no statistical significance in INR level before treatment between the two groups of patients with permanent atrial fibrillation complicated with chronic hyperuricemia. The INR level of the control group was not changed after treatment, the observation group increased significantly after treatment, and there was statistical significance between the two groups (P<0.05). There were no bleeding events in the control group, there were 6 cases of the observation group with minor bleeding and subcutaneous ecchymosis, including 2 cases with fecal occult blood, 1 cases with hematuria, nasal hemorrhage . The change of liver and kidney function was not obvious. Conclusion In application of allopurinol treatment plus warfarin for patients with chronic persistent atrial fibrillation and hyperuricemia patients, , INR need to be regularly monitored, in order to provide reference for Warfarin dosage adjustment, and ensure clinical safety.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate influence of combined use of allopurinol and warfarin on the INR of chronic permanent atrial fibrillation hyperuricemia patients. Methods 80 cases of patients with chronic atrial fibrillation complicated with hyperuricemia, in Sanmen County People's Hospital from February 2016 to February 2017 were randomly divided into the control group (n=40) and the observation group (n=40), the control group was given warfarin plus low purine diet treatment, the observation group was given additional Allopurinol treatment. Changes of INR were compared. Results There was no statistical significance in INR level before treatment between the two groups of patients with permanent atrial fibrillation complicated with chronic hyperuricemia. The INR level of the control group was not changed after treatment, the observation group increased significantly after treatment, and there was statistical significance between the two groups (P<0.05). There were no bleeding events in the control group, there were 6 cases of the observation group with minor bleeding and subcutaneous ecchymosis, including 2 cases with fecal occult blood, 1 cases with hematuria, nasal hemorrhage . The change of liver and kidney function was not obvious. Conclusion In application of allopurinol treatment plus warfarin for patients with chronic persistent atrial fibrillation and hyperuricemia patients, , INR need to be regularly monitored, in order to provide reference for Warfarin dosage adjustment, and ensure clinical safety.